The detailed 9 types of Contraceptives to Control Birth

Getting pregnant is always a blessing from heaven. But the same blessing can turn into the unwanted one if it is unplanned or accidental. In such a situation, contraceptives play an important role. There are so many consequences of having unintended pregnancy which is as follows-

In many cases, unintended pregnancies are resolved by abortion. And as we know how many side effects does abortion cause. Abortion causes many negative health effects including infertility and maternal death. It can be legal or illegal. Abortion after trimester is considered to be illegal. And it causes many health hazards to women.

The rates of mortality of pregnant women are more in such cases. While abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy causes fewer risks to health. However, both types of abortion carry the intrinsic risk of medical complications such as uterus infection, cervical injuries & many others.

Side effects of unintended pregnancy

There are several other medical complications causes due to unintended pregnancy.

• Particularly low birth weight and development of infant, psychological distress of mother affect an infant’s health too.
• In some cases, a single woman does not want to give birth to children too. So she has to face many social and economic problems. It affects the mental health of both mother and child which causes many issues.

Hence, there is only one solution for such problems are precautions. There are so many contraceptives available to you. All are useful to prevent unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. The article is about the complete description of different types of contraceptives.

There are two major forms of contraceptives barriers and hormonal. The barrier contraceptives have the ability to stop sperm from entering the uterus. And the hormonal contraceptive method has the ability to regulate ovulation. Everyone chooses the method as per their own perspective.

A barrier-type contraceptive is the best option for a woman who does not want to use the hormonal contraceptive method. It is also safe for women who are breastfeeding.

Barrier contraceptives –

There are many types of these contraceptives. However, barrier methods are used to prevent sperm to enter from the uterus. Among all barrier contraceptives, the male condom is the most effective contraceptive. And it is one of the inexpensive methods. Hormonal medications may cause side effects on some women. In that case, the use of barrier contraceptives method is a great choice.

1. MALE & FEMALE CONDOMS

    Specifications-

 

• A  natural rubber Latex Male Condom is a thin, stretchy pouch that you wear on your penis while having sex.
• While a female condom is a thin sheath pouch inserted inside the vagina. Female Condom is having two retainers internal and external retainer. Both retainers make it firm at its place during sex. Cupid Female Condom has polyurethane foam as an internal retainer that absorbs men’s semen.
• Both Condoms provide great protection against both pregnancy and STDs. Both are more effective if you use them perfectly.
• You will not require a doctor’s advice while using it.
• Very cheap in price.
• Keep in mind condom can break or slip off when it is used with oil-based sex lubricant. Water-based lubricant is always best to use with a condom.
• You can get condoms very easily & are available at many medical stores, grocery stores, health centers, vending machines. You will get condoms on online shopping sites also.

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2.  THE BIRTH CONTROL SPONGE

Specifications-

• The birth control sponge is a small round-shaped plastic foam with a little ditch at its center. It is inserted inside your vagina.
• It contains spermicides to help prevent pregnancy. The sponge has a loop attached to it to make it easier to take out.
• The spermicides can cause side effects of an increase in urination and can cause bloody and cloudy urine.
• The sponge needs to stay inside the vagina for at least six hours after intercourse, but no longer than 24 hours. Because after 24 hours it may be discarded.
• It prevents pregnancies but does not protect against STDs. However, if we add a sponge plus condom, it gives you extra protection from pregnancy and STDs.
• It does not need any doctor’s prescription.
• You can get sponge at medical stores, family planning clinics, and also online.

3. CERVICAL CAP

Specifications-

• The cervical cap is a small soft silicone bowl that looks like a hat. The cap is inserted inside the vagina deeply & it covers the entire cervix.
• A 1/4th teaspoon proportion of spermicide powder is filled in the cap. Once filling spermicide, insert the cap into the vagina. Likewise sponge; spermicide is used in the cap. Spermicide avoid sperm to enter into uterus.
• Caps are effectively used for 2 years to prevent pregnancies.
• To experience its effectiveness it ought to insert up to 6 hours before sex.
• It will be better to avoid the use of it for at least six weeks after delivery.
• It needs a doctor’s advice for its fitting. And it cannot be used during menstruation.
• You will get this cap in health clinics.

4. DIAPHRAGM

Specifications-

• The diaphragm is a soft, thin, dome-shaped shallow cup. It covers the cervix the same as a cervical cap.
• It is effective only when spermicide is placed onto the diaphragm and is squeezed together.
• The diaphragm avoids sperm to enter the uterus. And it needs to remain inside the vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse in order to get its effectiveness.
• This method is cost-effective. It can last for 2 years.
• Likewise, the cervical cap is also inserted up to 6 hours before having sex.
• The diaphragm should be avoided up to 6 weeks after delivery.
• You will require a doctor’s prescription in order to get a diaphragm.

5. COPPER IUD

Specifications-

• It is a small T-shaped hormone-free device inserted inside the uterus by a specialist doctor. The IUD means intrauterine device i.e. fitted inside the uterus.
• Once, inserted by a doctor it does not require any maintenance for 9-10 years. However, it can be removed by a doctor when required.
• It can cause heavy bleeding during menstruating.
• Only specialist doctors can insert IUDs. Hence, you will get it from health clinics.

Hormonal contraceptives-

Unlike barrier contraceptives, this method is not used at the time of sexual intercourse. The implant contraceptives method is the most effective hormonal contraceptives method. None of these methods can prevent the transmission of STDs.

1. The Pill

Specifications-

• Birth control pills contain hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Birth control pills come in two forms. One is with estrogen and without progesterone while another is with progesterone and without estrogen.
• Birth control pills are affordable and effective when taken perfectly.
• It can prevent anemia, can reduce ovarian cancers, and can help with menstruation cramps.
• There are also some side effects of birth control pills- It requires a gynecologist’s prescription. It can cause nausea, breast tenderness, lowers libido. In addition, its large amount of consumption can cause infertility.

2. Progestin IUD

Specifications-

• Similar to the copper IUD, progestin IUDs are inserted by specialist doctors at the clinic.
• The progestin IUDs are the same in look as that of copper IUD. The difference is only that it releases a tiny amount of hormone into your uterus.
• It changes the internal condition of the uterus which prevents fertilization.
• These IUDs are effective for 4-5 years. It does not require any maintenance once fitted. These are estrogen-free.
• These IUDs release progestin in the uterus. Progestin hormone has many health side effects. Health side effects such as- amenorrhea (missing period), loss of libido, dizziness, and headache.

3. Implants

Specifications-

• Implants are a small, flexible, pin-sized plastic rod that is placed underneath the skin of the upper arm.
• It releases synthetic progesterone hormone which stops the ovaries from releasing eggs. Thus, prevents pregnancies for 3 years.
• The process of insertion takes few minutes & it is the most effective hormonal contraceptives method of all.
• It can cause side effects such as acne, mood changes, weight gain, vaginal discharge & itching.
• It should be fitted by a specialist doctor.

4. The patch

Specifications-

• The working & use of the patch is the same as that of birth control pills.
• The Patch is a plastic patch that is a combination of progestin & estrogen.
• Same as the pills it releases hormones. Pills have to take each day. However, the patch has once fitted no need to take any pill or any other contraceptives.
• It is fitted in the upper arm, buttocks, or lowers back.
• Nausea, sore boobs, irregular bleeding are the most common side effects of the patch.

At last, it is up to you which kind of method is suitable for your health. However, we always recommend using condoms. It is the only contraceptives method that prevents the transmission of STIs. And it provides 95% protection in the prevention of unintended pregnancy after using perfectly.